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- GUS Programmer's Digest Thu Jul 22 00:07 Volume 2: Issue 26
-
- Today's Topics:
- Help w/ umdocs needed
- NMI stuff
-
- Standard Info:
- - Meta-info about the GUS can be found at the end of the Digest.
- - Before you ask a question, please READ THE FAQ.
-
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------
-
- Date: Wed, 21 Jul 93 9:24:49 PDT
- From: aktang@sdcc13.UCSD.EDU (Anthony Tang)
- Subject: Help w/ umdocs needed
- Message-ID: <9307211624.AA18059@sdcc13.UCSD.EDU>
-
- Has anyone successfully compiled and ran ummidi in the umdocs? I
- can compile it, but when I run it, i get the following:
-
- UltraMid is loading the patches
- Playing the file...
-
- (Or something like that), then I get popped back to the DOS prompt,
- no output from the card. UltraMid, version 1.0.
-
- Any ideas? Thanks...
- --
- Anthony Tang Call The AANThill BBS!
- AANT (619)550-8168
- aktang@sdcc13.ucsd.edu
-
- ------------------------------
-
- Date: Wed, 21 Jul 1993 16:19:32 -0400 (EDT)
- From: Sam Mertens <smertens@cap.gwu.edu>
- Subject: NMI stuff
- Message-ID: <Pine.3.05.9307211632.A4098-c100000@cap.gwu.edu>
-
- Some more info on the NMI problems:
- It seems that NMI was set up at a time when RAM was much less reliable
- than it is now. It is still used today, of course, but some motherboards
- don't bother to check the memory- they assume its fine (I've never had
- memory chips go bad on me. Memory CONTROLLERS, yes, but not the actual RAM).
- These, of course, are newer and designed to be 'fully optimized' (don't
- stop to check for something you know will work). Now, not checking the
- RAM at all sounds pretty stupid to me, so I'll give manufacturers the
- benefit of the doubt and guess that they've probably found better ways to
- test RAM.
- The operating principle behind NMI is a parity check - memory is
- physically addressed by a row and grid method, so the computer adds up all
- the 1s and 0s in each row, and the parity for that row is set to a number
- (0 or 1) that when added to the row's sum, will result in either an 'even'
- number or an 'odd' number... I'm not quite sure how even and odd apply to
- binary terms, nor exactly what goes on during all that adding (bit by bit?
- Byte by byte?). The system then, of course, goes back to check
- everything (this is stuff which normally the CPU doesn't even have to
- think about), and if it finds something screwy, voila! An NMI error. The
- parity is always updated with each memory write, of course.
- Now, with the current PC standard, chips in groups of 8 are each dedicated
- one memory chip (not addressable by the system in any way) just for
- storing parities. That's why we have 9-chip simms, and 3-chip simms (do
- the math on that one). I've read something about 8-chip simms which would
- be slightly cheaper, but I've never actually seen one in use or for sale.
- They only work with the non-NMI motherboards, anyway.
- Fixing the problem:
- 1) Turn parity on (from the BIOS setup menu), so NMIs can be generated.
- 2) Leave the RAM refresh rate at its default state, or find a setting that
- works. On some systems this too can be accessed via the BIOS setup.
- Also, set anything else that might pertain to memory at its default state
- (just to be sure).
- 3) Scream, rant, and rave.
-
- I am currently sifting through AMI bios data and may be making contact
- with their tech support soon to see if this problem can be fixed through
- BIOS (which may be the true culprit; or, it might not).
-
- Hope this helps anybody who is having NMI problems with SBOS... And
- please post any new information on the subject you might find.
-
- Sam Mertens
-
- ------------------------------
-
- End of GUS Programmer's Digest V2 #26
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